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Store tax and important documents on iPhone

Short answerScan them into the Files app, not your camera roll, and give the sensitive ones their own lock. Keep a second copy somewhere that isn't this phone, because a phone can be lost. A tax return or ID is worth protecting on both counts: from being seen, and from being lost.

Scan, don't just photograph

Apple's iPhone can scan a page for you. In the Files app, tap the More button, then Scan Documents. Frame the page, adjust the corners, keep the scan, then pick a folder and tap Save. You can also scan inside a note. A scan saved in Files stays out of your photo grid, where a picture of a tax form would sit among your holiday pictures.

Two jobs: protect and keep

Don't leave the only copy on your phone. If it's stolen, or erased, a document that lived only there is gone.

How long to keep tax papers (US)

This part is only for the United States, and the rules are the IRS's. The IRS says to keep income tax records for 3 years in the usual case, 6 years if you didn't report income that is more than 25% of the gross income on your return, and 7 years if you claim a loss from worthless securities or a bad debt deduction. Keep them indefinitely if you don't file a return, and keep employment tax records at least 4 years. It also says to keep copies of your filed returns. Other countries have their own rules, so ask your tax office.

What FirstHour's Vault can hold

In the Vault, tap +, then Choose from Files. You can choose any kind of file, and several at once. Here's what happens to each:

Kind of fileWhat the Vault does
PDFOpens inside the Vault, read from memory. Links inside it don't open.
Word, spreadsheets, text and most other filesStored sealed. To read one, tap Open. It shows read-only in iPhone's Quick Look, using one temporary unlocked copy that's removed when you tap Done, or when the Vault locks.
Photos and videosGo in as pictures and videos, like any other.
Web pages and similar (HTML, web archives, SVG)Stored, but not opened in the Vault. You can save or share them.
A PDF with its own passwordStored, but can't be opened in the Vault. Save it to Files or share it to open it elsewhere.
Anything over 200 MBStored, but too big to open in the Vault. Save or share it.

You can also tap Take a photo or video to photograph a page straight into the Vault, so it never reaches your camera roll. That's a picture of the page, not a scan like the one Files makes.

What it can't do

To take something out, use Save to Files or Share.

Questions

Should I keep tax documents in the Vault or in iCloud Drive?

You can do both, which is the point. The Vault gives a separate lock on this phone. A copy in iCloud Drive, or a printout in a drawer, covers a lost phone.

Does FirstHour read my documents?

No. It seals them on your iPhone and doesn't read inside them. Search and the picture check don't look at the words in a PDF or Word file.

Sources

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